Dr. N. Sumathy,. “HOLLOWNESS OF CIVILIZED SOCIETY IN THE NOVEL THE APPRENTICE”. Journal of Validation Technology, ISSN: 1079-6630, E-I SSN: 2150-7090 UGC CARE II, vol. 30, no. 3, July 2024, pp. 19-34, doi:10.1080/jvtnetwork.v30i3.2.